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THIS BOOK IS DESIGNED AND DEDICATED 

TO 




AND THE COMING GENERATIONS OF AMERICAN BORN CHILDREN 

BY 

THOMAS G. WOODMAN 



Page One 






COPYRIGHT 1919 

by T. G. WOODMAN 

LOS ANGELES 

CAL. 




©GI.A526987 



M4V 31 |y|y 






c » / « 



THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER 

Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, 
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last 

gleaming, 
Whose broad stripes and bright stars thro' the perilous 

fight 
O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly 

streaming? 
And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air 
Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there. 
Oh, say, does that Star Spangled Banner yet wave 
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? 



INDEX 

Page 

Dedication 1 

Star Spangled Banner 2 

Origin of Our Flag 3 

Description of Proposed Design 4 

Our First Flag 5 

Our Second Flag 6 

Our Third Flag 7 

Our Present Flag 8 

Proposed Design of Flag 9 

Our Present Flag with 52 Stars 10 

Proposed Design ©f Flag with 52 Stars 1 1 

Our Present Flag with 60 Stars 1 2 

Proposed Design with 60 Stars 1 3 

Our Present Flag with 76 Stars 14 

Proposed Design with 76 Stars 1 5 

Our Present Flag with 104 Stars 16 

Proposed Design with 104 Stars 17 

Our Present Flag with 1 1 6 Stars 1 8 

Proposed Design with 1 1 6 Stars 1 9 

Our Present Flag with 1 56 Stars 20 

Proposed Design with 156 Stars 21 

Our Present Flag with 286 Stars 22 

Proposed Design with 286 Stars 23 

America 24 



Page Two 



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Origin of Our I ! 



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There is no accurate history; it 
is claimed that in June, 1776, a 
committee of Congress, consisting 
of George Washington, Robert 
Morris and Col. George Ross, 
called on Mrs. Betsy Ross, a young 
widow, at her upholstery shop on 
Arch street, Philadelphia, and asked 
her if she could make the flag. She 
said she would try. A rough design 
of thirteen stripes and thirteen 
stars, the latter being six-pointed, 
was suggested. She advised that 
the stars should be five-pointed, 
showing that a five-pointed star 
could be made with a single clip of 
the scisors. The committee agreed 
to this as it would be better. George 
Washington changed the design on 
the spot and the committee left. 
Shortly afterward the sketch thus 
made was copied and colored by a 
local artist and was sent to Mrs. 
Ross, from which she made a sam- 
ple flag that was approved by the 
committee. It is added that George 



Washington thought that the stars 
should be placed in a circle, thus 
signifying the equality of the states, 
none being superior to another. 
The account rests almost entirely 
upon Mrs. Ross's own statements 
made by members of her family 
and repeated by her descendants. 

The flag does more than embla- 
zon a momentous and glorious his- 
tory; it declares the purposes and 
heralds the ideals of the Republic; 
it admonishes us to uphold the in- 
herent rights of all men; it tells 
us to stand for international jus- 
tice and consideration; and it en- 
courages us to accept the conse- 
quences without fear. It hails us 
to individual duties and the co- 
operation which alone can main- 
tain equality of rights and fulness 
of opportunity in America. 

It insists that we set a compelling 
example which will enlarge both se- 
curity and freedom, both peace and 
prosperity, in all parts of the world. 



l f aee Thrrf 



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Page Four 



Description of Proposed Design for Blue Field in Flag 



With the knowledge that the de- 
sign, or the placing of the stars in 
the union of our flag, had been 
changed four times during 1 42 
years, the designer conceived the 
idea that a permanent design could 
be made without changing the 
principles for which the stars and 
stripes were intended. 

In no way is the size or shape of 
either the union or stripes changed. 

Everything owned by the United 
States is marked either U. S. or 
United States. The question arises, 

Why Not Mark the Flag U. S.? 

By placing thirteen large stars 
in form of the letter "U," (which 
may represent the thirteen stars in 
our original flag), thirteen large 
stars in the form of the letter "S," 
(which may represent the thirteen 
stripes in our original flag), to- 
gether in the blue field we have a 
permanent foundation of design. 

With twenty-six large stars as a 
foundation, place one small star 
under each large one, except the 
four large stars at bottom nearest 



the center of union, making forty- 
eight stars, the number in our pres- 
ent flag. 

Territories, four in number, have 
representation in Congress. Why 
not give them representation on 
the flag? 

Place a pentayon under the four 
stars mentioned above, which in no 
way will mar the beauty or prin- 
ciple of design (as shown in draw- 
ing No. 5 in this book). When ter- 
ritories are made states the figure 
representing them may be easily 
changed to a star. 

As states are added, a star may 
be added to the union without 
changing the principle of design. 
Drawings may be found on other 
pages of this book. In fact the 
more stars added the more beauti- 
ful the flag. 

The proposed design will posi- 
tively provide that another change 
in design will never have to be 
made. 

THOMAS G. WOODMAN, 
Designer. 



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No. I 

OUR FIRST FLAG 

Thirteen Stars — Thirteen 
Stripes. 

Adopted by Congress, June 14, 
1777. 

Resolved, That the flag of the 
United States be thirteen stripes, 
alternate red and white; that the 
union be thirteen stars, white on a 
blue field, representing a new con- 
stellation. 

The flag with thirteen stars and 
thirteen stripes remained the na- 
tional emblem until May I, 1795. 







Page Five 



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No. 2 

OUR SECOND FLAG 

Fifteen Stars — Fifteen Stripes. 

Adopted by Congress January 
13, 1794. 

Not forseeing the growth of the 
flag in the addition of both star and 
stripe for each new state, Congress 
passed the following act, which 
was approved by President Wash- 
ington on January 13, 1794. 

Be it enacted, etc., That from 
and after the first day of May, one 
thousand seven hundred and 
ninety-five, the flag of the United 
States be fifteen stripes, alternate 
red and white; and that the union 
be fifteen stars white in a blue 
field. 

The stars were arranged in three 
parallel rows of five each. 

This was the national flag for 
twenty-three years. 










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No. 3 

OUR THIRD FLAG 

Twenty Stars — Thirteen Stripes. 

Adopted by Congress, April 4, 
1818. 

Be it enacted, etc., That from 
and after the fourth day of July 
next, the flag of the United States 
be thirteen horizontal stripes, al- 
ternate red and white; that the 
union have twenty stars, white in 
a blue field. 

Be it further enacted, That on 
the admission of every new state 
into the Union, one star be added to 
the union of the flag; and that such 
addition shall take effect on the 
fourth day of July succeeding such 
admission. 

Upon suggestion of Capt. Reid 
of the United States Navy the stars 
were arranged to form one great 
star in the center of the union. 
This design did not gain favor and 
the stars were soon thereafter ar- 
ranged in rows. April 4, 1818, ap- 
proved by President Monroe, fixed 
finally the general form of our flag. 







Page 



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No. 4 

OUR FOURTH AND PRESENT 
FLAG 

Forty-eight Stars — Thirteen Stripes 

The early confusion about the 
arrangement of the stars has largely 
disappeared. In the absence of di- 
rect legislation an agreement has 
been arrived at between the War 
and Navy Departments on the sub- 
ject. 

Since July 4, 1908, the arrange- 
ment of the stars in the flags of 
the Army and ensigns of the Navy 
has been in six horizontal rows. 







Page Eight. 



No. 5 

THE PROPOSED REPLACING 

OF STARS IN THE BLUE 

FIELD 

Forty-eight Stars — Four Territories 
— Thirteen Stripes. 

The large stars shown in new 
design are placed in the form of the 
letters U and S, thirteen in each, 
which may represent the thirteen 
stars and thirteen stripes of our 
original flag. The twenty-six large 
stars form the foundation for a per- 
manent design. A small star is 
placed under each large star except 
the four large stars at bottom 
nearest center of the union, making 
forty-eight stars the number of our 
present flag. 

Place a pentagon under the 
four stars mentioned above to rep- 
resent the four territories which 
have representation in our Con- 
gress and you have an evenly bal- 
anced design. 

The addition of states and terri- 
tories may be represented on this 
design for all time. 







F'age Nine 



■I I. ■ I 



No. 6 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

Fifty-two States — Thirteen Stripes. 

With fifty-two stars in the union 
of our present flag it would appear 
as per picture. The open spaces 
which are necessary take away a 
great deal of the beauty of our 
present flag. 



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Page Ten 



No. 7 

AS THE FLAG WOULD AP- 
PEAR IN NEW DESIGN 

Fifty-two States — Thirteen Stripes. 

With fifty-two states in the 
Union, the fifty-two stars would 
appear as per picture. The repre- 
sentation of territories is not 
shown here but may always be 
placed, no matter how many there 
may be, without marring the 
beauty or changing the principle of 
design. 






Page Eleven 



No. 8 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

Sixty Stars — Thirteen Stripes. 

With sixty stars in the union of 
our flag it would appear as per 
picture. By adding more rows of 
stars either way you will notice 
that the stars have to be much 
smaller, which mars the real beauty 
of our present flag. 



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Page Twelve 






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No. 9 



AS THE FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

Sixty Stars — Thirteen Stripes. 

With sixty states in the Union 
the sixty stars would appear as per 
picture. From the time fifty-two 
stars are on the flag, when other 
stars have to be added, it is pro- 
posed by the designer to place a 
*tar first at upper left side of cen- 
L " ter star in letter U, then upper right 
side of center star in letter S. Re- 
peat same form on right side of 
each star and continue until each 
large star is surrounded by five 
small stars. This form of placing 
added stars is to keep both letters 
as evenly balanced as possible at ail 
times. 







Page Thirteen 



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No. 10 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

Seventy-six Stars — Thirteen 
Stripes. 

With seventy-six states in the 
Union the seventy-six stars would 
appear as per picture. The stars 
having to be made much smaller in 
order to get them in the same 
space as our present flag would 
lose a great deal of its beauty. 

This design is shown only as a 
comparison to our next picture. 



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Page Fourteen 



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No. II 

AS THE FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

Seventy-six Stars — Thirteen 
Stripes. 

With seventy-six states in the 
Union, the seventy-six stars would 
appear as per picture. 

In placing the stars to be added 
after sixty stars are on flag, the 
same rule is applied to the end stars 
of each letter; continue until each 
end star of each letter is surrounded 
by five small stars. 







Page Fifteen 



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No. 12 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

One Hundred and Four Stars — 
Thirteen Stripes 

With one hundred and four 
states in the Union the one hundred 
and four stars would appear as per 
picture. The real beauty of the 
parallel line rows of stars has dis- 
appeared and the designers corre- 
sponding picture found on next 
page will prove the advisability of a 
change. Compare this and the 
next picture at a short distance. 



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Page Sixteen 



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No. 13 

AS THE FLAG WOULD AP- 
PEAR IN NEW DESIGN WITH 

One Hundred and Four Stars — 
Thirteen Stripes. 

With one hundred and four 
states in the Union, the one hun- 
dred and four stars would appear as 
per picture. At the first change 
to be made or the first stars to be 
added after seventy-six stars are on 
the flag, take away the two small 
stars at right and left sides of the 
two end and center stars in each 
letter and place them at upper right 
and left of stars commencing as 
you would make both letters U 
and S continue this form until you 
have two above each of the twenty- 
six stars. 







I'lgc Sfvfntren 



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No. 14 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

One Hundred and Sixteen Stars — 
Thirteen Stripes. 

With one hundred and sixteen 
states in the Union the one hun- 
dred and sixteen stars would ap- 
pear as per picture. 



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Page Eighteen 






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No. 15 

AS IT WOULD APPEAR IN 
NEW DESIGN WITH 

One Hundred and Sixteen Stars — 
Thirteen Stripes 

With one hundred and sixteen 
states in the Union, the one hun- 
dred and sixteen stars would ap- 
pear as per picture. The placing 
of the stars for this design, com- 
mence as in design No. 6; surround 
the center star in each letter, then 
follow the same form as in design 
No. 7, surrounding the end stars of 
each letter. 







Page Nineteen 



No. 16 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

One Hundred and Fifty-six Stars — 
Thirteen Stripes. 

With one hundred and fifty-six 
states in the Union, the one hun- 
dred and fifty-six stars would ap- 
pear as per picture. While it is 
not probable that we will have that 
many states, the designer wishes 
to show how the parallel line form 
of stars would compare with the 
same number of stars in the pro- 
posed design. 

At a short distance, the rows of 
stars would appear like white 
stripes. 



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Page Twenty 





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No. 17 

AS IT WOULD APPEAR IN 
NEW DESIGN WITH 

One Hundred and Fifty-six Stars — 
Thirteen Stripes 

With one hundred and fifty-six 
states in the Union the one hundred 
and fifty-six stars would appear as 
per picture. Five small stars sur- 
rounding each large star the design 
becomes most beautiful. 




Page Twenty-One 






_— 



No. 18 

AS OUR FLAG WOULD 
APPEAR WITH 

Two Hundred and Eighty-six Stars 
— Thirteen Stripes. 

With two hundred and eighty- 
six states in the Union the two 
hundred and eighty-six stars would 
appear as per picture. 

This picture is shown simply as 
a comparison as to the extreme 
limit of the new design without 
changing the principle or marring 
its beauty. 



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Page Twenty-Two 



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No. 19 

AS THE FLAG WOULD AP- 
PEAR IN NEW DESIGN 

Two Hundred and Eighty-six States 
— Thirteen Stripes. 

With two hundred and eighty-six 
states in the Union, the two hun- 
dred and eighty-six stars would ap- 
pear as per picture. 

This will, in the mind of the de- 
signer, prove beyond a doubt that 
if the present form of parallel lines 
of stars has to be changed at any 
time in the future, that the pro- 
posed design, if adopted, would 
never have to be changed. 



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Page Twcnty-Thrcc 



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AMERICA 

My country, 'tis of thee, 
Sweet land of liberty, 

Of thee I sing; 
Land where my fathers died, 
Land of the Pilgrim's pride, 
From every mountain side 

Let freedom ring. 



Page Twenty-Four 



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